What does the term “clearance” refer to in fits and tolerances?

In the context of fits and tolerances, "clearance" specifically refers to the space or gap between two mating parts. This term is crucial in mechanical design because it determines how well parts fit together and can move relative to one another. The appropriate amount of clearance is essential to ensure functionality, prevent interference, and allow for thermal expansion and other operational factors.

For example, in an assembly where a shaft rotates within a hole, adequate clearance must be established to allow the shaft to spin freely without binding or excessive friction. Too little clearance could lead to mechanical failure, whereas too much clearance may result in excessive play, compromising precision and performance.

The other options describe characteristics that are not directly related to the definition of clearance. The weight of components and the strength of materials are important considerations in design, but they do not define the spatial relationship described by clearance. Similarly, the height of the assembled part might relate to its dimensions but does not pertain to the space between two parts. Thus, the term "clearance" is specifically aligned with the concept of the space between mating surfaces.