How is torque defined and measured?

Torque is defined as a measure of rotational force that describes the ability of a force to cause an object to rotate about an axis. It is calculated based on the distance from the point of rotation (the lever arm) and the strength of the applied force. The units used to measure torque are typically foot-pounds (ft-lb) in imperial units or newton-meters (Nm) in metric units.

This definition captures the essence of how torque operates in mechanical systems, especially in applications involving rotating machinery, such as motors and gears. Understanding torque is essential for tasks like tightening bolts to the correct specification or evaluating the capabilities of various mechanical systems under load.

In contrast, other options do not accurately reflect the concept of torque. Weight, while important in physics, does not relate to rotational force. Speed pertains to how quickly something moves rather than the force causing it to turn, and energy consumption encompasses a different aspect of machinery operation entirely. Thus, recognizing torque as a measure of rotational force is central to its application in industrial mechanics and millwright work.